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High-tech in the Darkroom

A look back at analog times: Torsten Warmuth’s virtual darkroom museum

The same premises that are nowadays home of Digital Darkroom Berlin, a print studio that produces high-quality fine art prints for artists from all over the world, hosted until 2016 one of the most extensive and technically sophisticated photographic darkrooms.

Here, in his studio, the artist Torsten Warmuth had constantly developed new shooting techniques and darkroom processes to be able to realize his artistic ideas.

Silver Painting – the Process

The technique of Silver Painting, which was developed around 2009, is based on traditional photographic processes and materials, which are newly combined and expanded by current light technologies. The process of creating a Silver Painting requires analog photographic craftsmanship at the highest level and does not require any digital image processing.

Typical are the long exposure times and deliberate blurring of movement during shooting. During the exposure of a Silver Painting, light of different wavelengths is gradually projected onto silver gelatin paper through a template of several negatives mounted on top of each other (sandwich process). After this successive application of light, bleach and different toners are painterly applied to the resulting positive. The chemical reaction with the picture silver creates colors that give the motifs their own aesthetics and depth.

Most Silver Paintings are unique — each negative being used only once due to the complex analog technique.

Darkroom Equipment

Documentation of a Complete B/W Darkroom

Latest technology in analog darkroom equipment, ready to use.

Two complete analog darkrooms – equipment for the fine art photography masterprinter

• Darkroom I: for b/w-prints up to 50 x 60 cm (20 x 24 )
• Dunkelkammer II: for large b/w-prints up to 125 x 200 cm (50 x 79 ″)
• Enlargement technology for negative formats 24 x 36 mm (1 x 1.4 ″), 6 x 6 cm (2.4 x 2.4 ″), 6 x 7 cm (2.4 x 2.8 ″), 6 x 9 cm (2.4 x 3.5 ″), 6 x 12 cm (2.4 x 4.7 ), 4 x 5 , 13 x 18 cm (5 x 7 ″)

Highlights

ORIGINAL SETTING
Impressions of the Darkrooms

Videos

Darkroom I

Darkroom II

I have often said that the negative is similar to a musician’s score, and the print to the performance of that score. The negative comes to life only when “performed” as a print.

Ansel Adams

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Interview With the Former Owner

QUESTION: This website documents a complete and very special darkroom.

ANSWER: Technically speaking, there are two darkrooms: one for prints up to 50 x 60 cm, and one for large format prints up to 2 metres in length (the latter being a rather unusual process). The darkroom has become history by now. The original idea was to give it to a museum in its entirety in order to document the complex darkroom processes and preserve them for the future. Unfortunately, this didn’t work out. By now, the darkroom equipment is spread all over the world, in single pieces or bundles. It is actually a nice idea that with the help of my former equipment, images can be produced in so many places.

Q: You are claiming the darkroom to be “one of the most complete darkrooms in the world” – isn’t that a bit exaggerated?

A: Well, I haven’t heard of any other darkroom with comparable equipment that is still existing and documented – which does not necessarily mean that there is no other darkroom like that. There might, for instance, be darkrooms with different emphases concerning functionalities or processes.

I have contacted numerous photography experts, ranging from photo historians to laboratory owners, also in the USA, where b/w-photography is still much more important and popular than in most European countries. Everyone agreed that it is not only the very complete range of machinery and technical equipment that make the darkroom so unique, but also the fact that everything is still fully functioning.

Q: Could you elaborate on this?

A: It’s all about the workflow. All processes are perfectly thought through, in the minutest details. Each negative or paper format requires very specific processing.

For instance: You would like to enlarge a small format negative with a little black frame to 100 x 150 cm. The border alone requires a metal mask in the negative carrier in order to evenly show slightly more than the negative itself. Furthermore, you need a horizontal enlarger, ideally in combination with Heiland Splitgrade, to enable different gradations in one picture. Plus, you need a vacuum board for the photographic paper, huge trays etc. And of course you need a top class lens, an APO-Rodagon N. In case you have another negative format, you need the corresponding lens, just in a different focus length. All these items are included in the darkroom I am documenting here – in very good condition.

Q: And how would you rinse such a large print?

A: In the past, large prints used to be produced for advertisement only, they didn’t need to last long. However, since fine art printing has been increasingly appreciated amongst collectors, longevity has become a major topic; prints now need to be archival. This includes two-bath fixing, washing aid, and adequate, complete washing.

Q: I have seen print washers for 50 x 60 cm, but for large 2-m-prints …?

A: I developed a machine for that, an automatically tilting print washer.

Q: Brilliant construction. Especially the way the water washes both sides of the print at the same time, in steady waves.

A: Yes, and while the machine is busy washing the print, you can go and have a coffee.

Q: Does analog still have its use and justification?

A: There’s this wonderful movie about Sally Mann working in her lab. The prints shown there cannot possibly be produced using any other technique.

Q: But why would anyone liquidate such a perfectly equipped, well-preserved, and fully functioning darkroom?

A: I grew up in a family of photographers, and I have known the smell of fixing bath since I was five, the same time when I got my first camera.

I am thus looking back on more than forty years of darkroom experience, a lot of experimenting and optimizing processes; and, above all, on a lot of fun and enthusiasm. I have poured my heart and soul into my darkroom activities, and I do feel now, that I have done everything in the darkroom that I had always wanted and imagined for my art. But in order to move on with my artistic ideas and take them to a new level, I had to leave these well-known paths and move into a completely new direction.

And yes: It was a hard, a very hard decision to say goodbye to my beloved darkroom, since it meant saying goodbye to an era. Over decades, I had thoroughly developed my darkroom into a perfectly equipped one; even the room itself was built and arranged with the perfectly functioning and smooth production process in mind. When shooting the documentation pictures, I realized that not only did I own everything one might ever need in a darkroom;  I also owned most of it in the best version available.

I know that there are still many technology- and photography enthusiasts out there, which is why I would like to preserve this website as an informative and entertaining reference work.

VIDEOS
Demonstration of Technical Details

TRIVIA (in German only)
True or False? | Already Knew?

SCHON GEWUSST?
Trocknen von Großvergrößerungen

Eine 2-Meter-Großvergrößerung zu trocknen, ist kein Kinderspiel. Es war eine Zeit lang en vogue, Großvergrößerungen an den Rändern mit Nassklebeband auf Glasplatten (idealerweise Panzerglas) zu befestigen und im trockenen Zustand mittels Rasierklinge abzulösen.

FILMTIPP
Blow Up

Michelangelo Antonionis „Blow Up“ ist einer der wenigen Filme, in denen eine Dunkelkammer eine zentrale Rolle spielt und Bilder nicht auf Wäscheleinen getrocknet werden.

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